ANTI-INFLAMMATORY EFFECT OF Anadenanthera colubrina var. cebil (Griseb.) Altschul IN EXPERIMENTAL ELASTASE-INDUCED PULMONARY EMPHYSEMA IN RATS.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Medicinal plants have shown promise in the search for new treatments of pulmonary emphysema. Anadenanthera colubrina, a species native to the Caatinga biome in northeastern Brazil, is widely recognized and traditionally employed in the treatment of pulmonary diseases. Many studies corroborate popular knowledge about the medicinal applications of A. colubrina, which has demonstrated a remarkable variety of pharmacological properties, however, its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties are highlighted. AIM OF THE STUDY: The objective of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory potential of the crude hydroethanolic extract of A. colubrina var. cebil (Griseb.) Altschul on pulmonary emphysema in rats as well as to determine its potential genotoxic and cytotoxic effects using the micronucleus assay. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The stem bark of the plant was collected in Pimenteiras-PI and sample was extracted by maceration using 70% ethanol. A portion of the extract underwent phytochemical analyses using TLC and HPLC. In this study, 8-week-old, male Wistar rats weighing approximately ± 200 g was utilized following approval by local ethics committee for animal experimentation (No. 718/2022). Pulmonary emphysema was induced through orotracheal instillation of elastase, and treatment with A. colubrina extract or dexamethasone (positive control) concomitantly during induction. Twenty-eight days after the initiation of the protocol, plasma was used for cytokine measurement. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was used for leukocyte count. After euthanasia, lung samples were processed for histological analysis and quantification of oxidative stress markers. The micronucleus test was performed by evaluating the number of polychromatic erythrocytes (PCE) with micronuclei (MNPCE) to verify potential genotoxic effects of A. colubrina. A differential count of PCE and normochromatic erythrocytes (NCE) was performed to verify the potential cytotoxicity of the extract. Parametric data were subjected to normality analysis and subsequently to analysis of variance and Tukey or Dunnett post-test, non-parametric data were treated using the Kruskal-Wallis test with Dunn's post-test for unpaired samples. P value <0.05 were considered significant. RESULTS: The A. colubrina extract did not show a significant increase in the number of MNPCE (p>0.05), demonstrating low genotoxicity. No changes were observed in the PCE/NCE ratio of treated animals, compared with the vehicle, suggesting low cytotoxic potential of the extract. A significant reduction (p<0.05) in neutrophilic inflammation was observed in the lungs of rats treated with the extract, evidenced by presence of these cells in both the tissue and BAL. The extract also demonstrated pulmonary antioxidant activity, with a significant decrease (p<0.05) in myeloperoxidase, malondialdehyde, and nitrite levels. TNFα, IL-1ß, and IL-6 levels, as well as alveolar damage, were significantly reduced in animals treated with A. colubrina extract. Phytochemical analyses identified the presence of phenolic compounds and hydrolysable tannins in the A. colubrina extract. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study highlights the safety of the hydroethanolic extract of Anadenanthera colubrina, and demonstrates its potential as a therapeutic approach in the treatment of emphysema. The observed properties of this medicinal plant provide an optimistic outlook in the development of therapies for the treatment of pulmonary emphysema.

Liraglutide modulates morpho-functional and inflammatory gastrointestinal responses in rats.

BACKGROUND: Obesity impairs homeostatic control of energy and is associated with chronic low-grade inflammation. Effects of glucagon-like peptide-1, the target in the gastrointestinal tract for anti-obesity drugs such as Liraglutide, were not properly associated with inflammation markers. This study investigated the effects of Liraglutide on metabolic and gastrointestinal parameters in a rat model of obesity. METHODS: Twenty-six Wistar rats with obesity were randomly distributed to receive saline (n = 10), 400 µg (n = 8), or 1200 µg of Liraglutide/kg/day (n = 8), subcutaneously for 30 consecutive days, once a day. Weight gain, feeding efficiency, caloric consumption, gastric motility, adiposity, histomorphometric, murinometric, biochemical parameters and cytokines TNF-α and TGF-ß1 in duodenal tissue were measured. Data were analysed by ANOVA, followed by Bonferroni post hoc or Kruskal-Wallis test, followed by Dunn's multiple comparison test. RESULTS: Liraglutide-treated animals had better feeding efficiency and higher caloric intake in a dose-dependent manner. Higher doses slowed gastric emptying and diminished the amplitude of gastric contractions. These effects were accompanied by decreases in intestinal muscle layer thickness and crypt depth. Liraglutide significantly reduced retroperitoneal and visceral white adipose tissue depots. High-dose treatment decreased levels of TNF-α and enhanced levels of TGF-ß1 in duodenal tissue. Liraglutide treatment provided significant reductions in total cholesterol, triglyceride and hepatic transaminases. CONCLUSIONS: Liraglutide reduced fat accumulation, improved metabolic parameters and downregulated levels of inflammatory signalling in duodenal tissue. Liraglutide at high doses controlled obesity-related outcomes, and such effects seemed to be driven by its action on glucagon-like peptide-1 receptors in the gastrointestinal tract slowing gastric motility.

Comparison of Four Purification Methods on Serum Extracellular Vesicle Recovery, Size Distribution, and Proteomics.

In recent decades, the role played by extracellular vesicles in physiological and pathological processes has attracted attention. Extracellular vesicles are released by different types of cells and carry molecules that could become biomarkers for the diagnosis of diseases. Extracellular vesicles are also moldable tools for the controlled release of bioactive substances in clinical and therapeutic applications. However, one of the significant challenges when studying these exciting and versatile vesicles is the purification process, which presents significant difficulties in terms of lack of purity, yield, and reproducibility, reflected in unreliable data. Therefore, our objective in the present study was to compare the proteomic profile of serum-derived EVs purified using ExoQuick™ (Systems Biosciences), Total Isolation Kit (Life Technologies), Ultracentrifugation, and Ultrafiltration. Each technique utilized for purification has shown different concentrations and populations of purified particles. The results showed marked differences in distribution, size, and protein content, demonstrating the need to develop reproducible and reliable protocols to isolate extracellular vesicles for their clinical application.

Alternate-day fasting induces metabolic and morphofunctional changes in the gastrointestinal tract of male rats.

Alternate-day fasting (ADF) is a nutritional intervention with modulatory and overall protective effects, but its role in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is still uncertain. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of ADF on the metabolic patterns and morphofunctional motility of the GI tract in rats. Thirty-two male Wistar rats were allocated into groups: control for 15 days (CON 15, n = 8), control for 30 days (CON 30, n = 8), ADF for 15 days (ADF 15, n = 8), and ADF for 30 days (ADF 30, n = 8). Blood glucose, body weight, and food and water consumption were measured. Frequency and amplitude of gastric contractions as well as gastric emptying time, small intestinal transit time, and cecum arrival time were measured. Intestinal histomorphometric, relative weight of organs, lipidogram, and leptin levels were also evaluated. ADF decreased water consumption and food consumption. The weight gain decreased; however, the relative kidney weight increased. ADF triggered an increase in the amplitude of gastric contractions and accelerated gastric emptying. However, small intestinal transit time was delayed in both ADF groups. Total cholesterol, triglycerides, non-HDL cholesterol, and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels decreased, whereas villus height, depth of the crypts and thickness of the circular, and longitudinal muscular layers of intestine increased after ADF. In conclusion, our results showed ADF exert an effect on both metabolism and GI motility and impacts on overall digestive functions.

BALB/c and C57BL/6 mouse strains influence gastric function outcomes with administration of cisplatin and dexamethasone

Abstract Our aim was to evaluate the effects of cisplatin and dexamethasone alone and combined on gastric contractility and histomorphometry of BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice. BALB/c and C57BL/6 male mice (8-week-old) were randomly separated into: Control; Cisplatin (7.5 mg/Kg); Dexamethasone (2.0 mg/Kg); and Dexamethasone plus Cisplatin (2.0 mg/Kg of dexamethasone 1-hour prior to 7.5 mg/Kg of cisplatin). Drugs were administered intraperitoneally for three days. Body weight and food intake were evaluated on 2nd day. Alternating Current Biosusceptometry technique was employed to measure gastric contractions on 3rd day. Afterward, mice were killed for gastric histomorphometric analysis. Cisplatin decreased food intake and caused bradygastria in BALB/c mice; however, the amplitude of gastric contractions decreased in both BALB/c and C57BL/6. Dexamethasone and cisplatin combined restored the gastric frequency and food intake only in BALB/c, but drug combination reduced the gastric amplitude of contractions in both strains. Dexamethasone alone increased gastric mucosa thickness in C57BL/6 and decreased muscular thickness in BALB/c. In conclusion, the mouse strains presented differences in acute effects of cisplatin and dexamethasone alone and combined on gastric function. This reinforces the importance of choosing the appropriate mouse strain for studying the acute effects of drugs on the gastrointestinal tract.

Cecropia pachystachya Trécul: identification, isolation of secondary metabolites, in silico study of toxicological evaluation and interaction with the enzymes 5-LOX and α-1-antitrypsin.

Cecropia pachystachya Tréc., popularly known as embaúba, belongs to the Cecropiaceae family and is used by the native population in the treatment of bronchitis, asthma, high blood pressure, fever, and as a diuretic. The pharmacological actions including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, cardiotonic and sedative were previously reported. The objective of this study was to (1) isolate and identify bioactive compounds extracted from the ethanolic extract of C. pachystachya roots (ERCP), as well as (2) verify the affinity of these metabolites with the enzymes 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) and α-1-antitrypsin through in silico tests. Isolation and/or identification were performed using GC-MS, HPLC, Infrared (IR), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques. After isolation and identification of the active compounds, these substances were subjected to the in silico investigation that proceeded by performing PreADMET simulations and molecular docking calculations. The bioactive compounds identified were 1-(+)-ascorbic acid 2,6-dihexadecanoate, ethyl hexadecanoate, ethyl (9E,12E)-octadec-9,12-dienoate, ethyl (Z)-octadec-9-enoate and ethyl octadecanoate by GC-MS; chlorogenic acid, catechin, epicatechin, syringaldehyde by HPLC; ß-sitosterol, sitostenone, beccaridiol, tormentic acid, lupeol, α- and ß-amyrin by classical chromatography, IR, 1H and 13C NMR techniques. The ADMET (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity) properties were determined for each bioactive compound. Tormentic acid demonstrated a greater affinity for 5-LOX enzyme while sitostenone demonstrated a higher affinity for the α-1-antitrypsin enzyme. Our findings demonstrated a diverse range of secondary metabolites isolated from C. pachystachya that showed relevant interactions with the enzymes 5-LOX and α-1-antitrypsin. Thus, "embaúba" may be employed in in vivo experimental studies as a form of alternative treatment for chronic lung diseases.Abbreviations: ADT: Autodock Tools; BBB: Blood-brain barrier; CaCo2: Human colonic adenocarcinoma cells; CC: Classic/open Column; TLC: Thin Layer Chromatography; CD40: Differentiation Cluster 40; CENAUREMN: Centro Nordestino de Aplicação e Uso da Ressonância Magnética Nuclear; GC-MS: Gas Chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry; HPLC: High-Perfomance Liquid Chromatography; CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6 and CYP3A4: Cytochrome P450 isoenzymes; COPD: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease; DRX-500: X-Ray Diffraction - 500; ERCP: Ethanolic extract of the roots of C. pachystachya; FAPEPI: Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Piauí; HIA: Human Intestinal Absorption; IR: Infrared; Ki: Inhibition constant; 5-LOX: 5-Lipoxygenase; mM: miliMolar; nM: nanoMolar; OECD423: acute toxic class method; PDB: Protein Data Bank; P-gP: P-glycoprotein; PM2,5: Small inhalable particles 2,5; PPB: Plasm Protein Binding; PreADMET: Prediction Absorption, Distribution, Metabolization, Excretion and Toxicity; NMR: Nuclear Magnetic Resonance; +S9: with metabolic activation; -S9: no metabolic activation; SisGen: Sistema Nacional de Gestão de Patrimônio Genético e do Conhecimento Tradicional Associado; RT: Retention time; TA100: Ames test with TA100 cells line; TA1535: Ames test with cells of the TA1535 cell line; UESPI: State University of Piauí; V79: lung fibroblast cells; ΔG: Gibbs free energy (Kcal/mol); µM: microMolar.

Modified Synthesis and Physicochemical Characterization of a Bioglass-Based Composite for Guided Bone Regeneration.

OBJECTIVES: Bioglass composites and polymers are materials of great interest for the medical and dental areas due to their properties, combining the bioactivity of ceramic materials and the mechanical properties of polymers. The purpose of the present study was to develop and to characterize the physicochemical and morphological properties an experimental bioglass-based ternary composite composed associated with sodium carboxymethylcellulose (Na-CMC) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The compatibility of functional groups with bioglass was previously evaluated. The composite was then synthesized and evaluated in terms of morphology, elemental composition, compressive strength, porosity, and bioactivity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The bioglass was previously synthesized using a sol-gel route and characterized using FTIR analysis to identify the functional groups. The bone graft composite was then synthesized associating the bioglass with PVA, surfactant Triton X, and Na-CMC. The composite was then morphologically characterized using SEM/EDS. The porosity of the composite was analyzed using µCT, which also provided the composite compression strength. The composite was then evaluated in terms of its bioactivity using SEM/EDS analyses after immersion in SBF for 12, 24, 48, and 72 h. RESULTS: FTIR analysis confirmed, among other components, the presence of Si-O-Ca and Si-O-Si bonds, compatible with bioglass. SEM analysis exhibited a composite with a porous structure without spikes. The elemental mapping confirmed the presence of Si, Ca, and P in the composite. µCT analysis demonstrated a porous structure with 42.67% of open pores and an average compression strength of 124.7 MPa. It has also demonstrated ionic changes in the composite surface after immersion in SBF, with increasing detection of Ca and P as a function of time, highlighting its chemical bioactivity. CONCLUSIONS: It can be concluded that the proposed bioglass-based composite presents a three-dimensional, well-structured, chemically bioactive porous structure, mechanically resistant for being reinforced with polymeric phases, with promising results as a synthetic bone graft, which makes it suitable for guided bone regeneration.

Phytochemical study, molecular docking, genotoxicity and therapeutic efficacy of the aqueous extract of the stem bark of Ximenia americana L. in the treatment of experimental COPD in rats.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Ximenia americana L. is popularly known as yellow plum, brave plum or tallow wood. All the parts of this plant are used in popular medicine. Its reddish and smooth bark are used to treat skin infections, inflammation of the mucous membranes and in the wound healing process. OBJECTIVE: Verification of phytochemical profile, the molecular interaction between flavonoid, (-) epi-catechin and 5-LOX enzyme, by means of in silico study, the genotoxic effect and to investigate the pharmacological action of the aqueous extract of the stem bark of X. americana in pulmonary alterations caused by experimental COPD in Rattus norvegicus. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The identification of secondary metabolites was carried out by TLC and HPLC chromatographic methods, molecular anchoring tests were applied to analyze the interaction of flavonoid present in the extract with the enzyme involved in pulmonary inflammation process and the genotoxic effect was assessed by comet assay and micronucleus test. For induction of COPD, male rats were distributed in seven groups. The control group was exposed only to ambient air and six were subjected to passive smoke inhalations for 20 min/day for 60 days. One of the groups exposed to cigarette smoke did not receive treatment. The others were treated by inhalation with beclomethasone dipropionate (400 mcg/kg) and aqueous and lyophilized extracts of X. americana (500 mg/kg) separately or in combination for a period of 15 days. The structural and inflammatory pulmonary alterations were evaluated by histological examination. Additional morphometric analyses were performed, including the alveolar diameter and the thickness of the right ventricle wall. RESULTS: The results showed that the aqueous extract of the bark of X. americana possesses (-) epi -catechin, in silico studies with 5-LOX indicate that the EpiC ligand showed better affinity parameters than the AracA ligand, which is in accordance with the results obtained in vivo studies. Genotoxity was not observed at the dose tested and the extract was able to stagnate the alveolar enlargement caused by the destruction of the interalveolar septa, attenuation of mucus production and decrease the presence of collagen fibers in the bronchi of animals submitted to cigarette smoke. CONCLUSION: Altogether, the results proved that the aqueous extract of X. americana presents itself as a new option of therapeutic approach in the treatment of COPD.

Geospatial distribution and risk factors for bovine cysticercosis in the state of Rondônia, Brazil / Distribuição espacial e fatores de risco para a cisticercose bovina no Estado de Rondônia, Brasil

This study focused on assessing the prevalence, geospatial distribution and risk factors for bovine cysticercosis in cattle from the state of Rondônia, Brazil, through the years 2012 to 2015. The prevalence established was 0.014% (95% C.I. 0.013-0.014), with a higher detection of unviable cysticerci (84.80%). The municipalities of Itapuã do Oeste, Candeias do Jamari, Nova Brasilândia D'Oeste, Pimenteiras do Oeste, Porto Velho, Nova Mamoré, Urupá and Guajará-Mirim had higher risk (OR>1; p<0.05) for cysticercosis occurrence compared with the municipality of Castanheiras (OR=1). The Administrative Regions of Porto Velho, Guajará-Mirim, Colorado D'Oeste, Cacoal, Ji-Paraná had higher risk (OR>1; p<0.05) for cysticercosis occurrence in the slaughtered animals than those reared in Ariquemes Administrative Region (OR=1). Some variables such as human population density (OR=2.15; 2.15-2.16), percentage of urban houses with inappropriate sewage system (OR=1.91, 1.91-.1.92) and percentage of inappropriate rural sewage system (OR=1.14, 1.14-1.14) were significantly associated (p<0.05) with the occurrence of bovine cysticercosis. In conclusion, the prevalence of bovine cysticercosis in the state of Rondônia was 0.014% (95% C.I. 0.013-0.014) and higher-risk areas were identified, providing useful information to Official Sanitary Inspection System in order to improve cysticercosis detection. Also, human population density and the lack of appropriate sewage system in urban and rural areas are closely related to bovine cysticercosis occurrence in this state.(AU)

Este estudo objetivou avaliar a prevalência, distribuição espacial e fatores de risco para a ocorrência de cisticercose bovina em animais abatidos oriundos do Estado de Rondônia, Brasil, entre os anos de 2012 a 2015. A prevalência observada foi de 0,014% (I.C. 95% 0,013-0,014), com maior detecção de cisticercos inviáveis (84,80%). Os municípios de Itapuã do Oeste, Candeias do Jamari, Nova Brasilândia D'Oeste, Pimenteiras do Oeste, Porto Velho, Nova Mamoré, Urupá e Guajará-Mirim apresentaram maior risco (OR>1; p<0.05) para a ocorrência da enfermidade quando comparadas ao município de Castanheiras (OR=1). As Regiões Administrativas de Porto Velho, Guajará-Mirim, Colorado D'Oeste, Cacoal, Ji-Paraná, respectivamente, apresentaram maior risco (OR>1; p<0.05) para a ocorrência de cisticercose nos bovinos abatidos comparadas à Região Administrativa de Ariquemes (OR=1). Algumas variáveis como a densidade populacional humana (OR=2,15; 2,15-2,16), percentual de domicílios urbanos com saneamento inadequado (OR=1,91, 1,91-1,92) e percentual de saneamento rural inadequado (OR=1,14, 1,14-1,14) apresentaram-se como fatores de risco significativos (p<0.05) para a ocorrência de cisticercose bovina. Conclui-se que a prevalência de cisticercose bovina no Estado de Rondônia foi 0,014% (I.C. 95% 0,013-0,014) e que áreas de maior ocorrência puderam ser identificadas, fornecendo informações a serem utilizadas pelo Serviço de Inspeção Federal para melhorar a detecção dos casos. Ainda, a densidade da população humana e a deficiência de sistemas de tratamento de esgotos urbanos e rurais estão intimamente relacionadas com a ocorrência da cisticercose bovina neste estado.(AU)

Hypomagnesemia associated with hypocalcemia after total thyroidectomy: an observational study.

INTRODUCTION: Serum magnesium is frequently low in patients with hypocalcemia after total thyroidectomy. The aim of the present study was to analyze the variations in serum magnesium and calcium concentrations after total thyroidectomy, and the relationship between both ions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted an observational study of 142 patients who had undergone total thyroidectomy, measuring serum calcium and magnesium levels preoperatively and on the day following surgery. The incidence of postoperative hypocalcemia was compared with that of postoperative hypomagnesemia. RESULTS: A total of 142, total thyroidectomies were performed: 54 patients (38%) presented with hypocalcemia on the first postoperative day. A marked decrease in blood magnesium in the group of patients with hypocalcemia was observed when compared to those with normal calcemia on the first postoperative day (mean variation respectively, 0.125 ± 0.065 mmol/L versus 0.035 ± 0.020 mmol/L; P = 0.0002). CONCLUSION: Hypomagnesemia is significantly associated with early hypocalcemia following thyroidectomy.

Efeitos da fotobiomodulação nas alterações extrapulmonares ocasionadas pelo enfisema experimental em rattus norvegicus / Effect of photobiomodulation in extrapulmonary changes caused by experimental emphysema in rattus norvegicus

O enfisema pulmonar é um processo inflamatório pulmonar e tem repercussões extrapulmonares. Os objetivos desta pesquisa são investigar os efeitos da fotobiomodulação nas alterações extrapulmonares. Foram selecionados 24 ratos, divididos em três grupos de 8 animais: grupo controle (GC: recebeu apenas solução salina); grupo DPOC (GD: instilação de papaína 2 mg/kg); grupo DPOC + laser (GDL: instilação de papaína + 15 dias de laserterapia). Para análise dos dados foi coletado e observado: CKMB, LBA, Histologia (análise morfométrica) e espessura das câmaras cardíacas (análise morfométrica), respectivamente. Houve diminuição no número de células inflamatórias no LBA do GDL (p < 0,05) quando comparado com GC e GD; aumento dos níveis de CKMB no grupo GD (p < 0,05); e diminuição significativa no GDL (p = 0,0009) quando comparado com o GD, hipertrofia ventricular esquerda (p < 0,05) no grupo GD e GDL quando comparado com controle. A fotobiomodulação diminui a liberação de células inflamatórias responsáveis pela liberação do CKMB na corrente sanguínea, diminuindo assim os níveis de CKMB e reduzindo os riscos de infarto do miocárdio.

Lung emphysema is a pulmonary inflammatory process, with extrapulmonary repercussions. Twenty-four rats were selected and divided into three groups with eight animals each: control (GC: received only saline solution); group DPOC (GD: with instillation of papaya proteinase 2 mg/kg); group DPOC + laser (GDL: with instillation of papaya proteinase + 15 days of laser therapy). Data analysis comprised: CKMB, LBA, Histology (morphometric analysis) and thickness of the cardiac chambers (morphometric analysis), respectively. The number of inflammatory cells in LBA of GDL decreased (p < 0.05) when compared with GC and GD; there was an increase in CKMB levels in group GD (p < 0.05); significant decrease in GDL (p = 0.0009) when compared to GD, left ventricle hypertrophy (p < 0.05) in group GD and GDL when compared to control. Photobiomodulation decreased the release of inflammatory cells by the release of CKMB in the blood and decreased CKMB levels and reduced myocardial infarction risks.

Efeito da bandagem elástica na preensão palmar em jogadores de tênis de mesa / Elastic bandage effect on grip in table tennis players

Existem técnicas que proporcionam aos atletas a possibilidade de melhorar seus desempenhos, entre essas podemos observar a bandagem funcional, tendo em vista que a sua aplicabilidade, podendo ser usada em qualquer região do corpo. Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito do uso da bandagem elástica funcional sobre a força máxima de preensão palmar em jogadores de tênis de mesa. Metodologia: Estudo de intervenção, longitudinal, prospectivo, comparativo, quantitativo. Composto aleatoriamente três grupos de atletas, o grupo intervenção bandagem em Y (GIBY) (N=15), intervenção bandagem em I (GIBI) (N=15) e controle (GC) (N=15) que foram avaliados antes e imediatamente após uma única intervenção. A força máxima de preensão palmar foi avaliada através de dinamômetro. Resultado: O GIBY e GIBI apresentou ganho de FMPP, mais não foi estatisticamente significativa entre as técnicas analisadas considerando p<0,05 e GC não apresentou alteração da FMPP considerando p<0,05. Conclusão: Faz-se necessária o desenvolvimento de pesquisas futuras e mais abrangentes sobre o tema e a utilização de instrumentos mais precisos.

There are techniques that provide the possibility of athletes improve their performance, among these we can observe the taping in order that their applicability and can be used in any region of the body. Objective: To evaluate the effect of the use of functional elastic bandage on the maximum grip strength in table tennis players. Methodology: intervention study, longitudinal, prospective, comparative, quantitative. Composed randomly three groups of athletes, the bandage intervention group Y (Giby) (N = 15), bandage intervention I (GIBI) (N = 15) and control (CG) (N = 15) were assessed before and immediately after a single intervention. The maximum grip strength was measured by dynamometer. Result: Giby and GIBI presented gain FMPP, but was not statistically significant between the techniques analyzed considering p <0.05 and GC did not change the FMPP considering p <0.05. Conclusion: It is necessary to develop further and more comprehensive research on the topic and the use of more precise instruments.

Análise da ação do gel da Bryophyllum calycinum Salisb (folha santa) associado ao ultrassom na cicatrização de feridas cutâneas / Analysis of the action of Bryophyllum calycinum Salisb (holy sheet) gel associated with ultrasound in skin wound healing

Introdução: A cicatrização é uma cascata de eventos celulares que interagem para que ocorra a reconstituição do tecido. Objetivo: Analisar a ação do gel da Bryophyllum calycinum Salisb, associado ao ultrassom pulsado, na cicatrização de feridas. Métodos: Vinte ratos foram feridos, divididos em quatro grupos, tratados e observados diariamente. O Grupo1 não recebeu nenhum tratamento; o 2 foi tratado com ultrassom (modo pulsado 10%, frequência de 1 MHz, intensidade de 0,5 W/cm2, método de acoplamento direto com movimentos oscilatórios numa ERA de 1 cm2, durante dois minutos) + gel da B. calycinum Salisb a 2%; o 3, com gel da B. calycinum Salisb a 2%; o 4, com ultrassom. Resultados: O Grupo 2 teve maior redução das áreas feridas, diminuição do colágeno tipo III e aumento do tipo I, quando comparado ao controle. Conclusões: O gel da folha santa associado ao ultrassom é capaz de acelerar o processo de cicatrização tecidual.

Introduction: Healing is a cascade of cellular events that interact to occur replenish the tissue. Objective: To analyze the action of the Bryophyllum calycinum Salisb gel associated with the pulsed ultrasound in wound healing. Methods: Twenty rats were wounded and divided into four groups. After this, they were treated and observed daily. Group 1 did not receive any treatment; Group 2 was treated with ultrasound (10% pulsed mode, frequency of 1 MHz intensity of 0.5 W / cm2, direct coupling method with an oscillatory motion was 1 cm2 for two minutes) + Gel B. calycinum Salisb 2%; Group 3, with B. calycinum Salisb gel 2%; and Group 4, with ultrasound. Results: Group 2 had a greater reduction in wound areas, a decrease of type III collagen and an increase of the type I when compared to the control group. Conclusions: The gel of the holy sheet associated with ultrasound is able to accelerate the wound healing process.

Avaliação do comportamento pressórico de hipertensos após a aplicação de um protocolo de exercício físico supervisionado / Evaluation of the pressure behavior of hypertensive patients after the application of a supervised exercise protocol

Introdução: A Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica (HAS) é uma doença crônica al-tamente prevalente e representa um fator de risco independente para doenças cardiovasculares. Objetivos: Verificar os efeitos de um programa de exercício físico sobre os níveis pressóricos e o consumo de oxigênio máximo de uma po-pulação hipertensa. Métodos: Amostra foi formada por 30 idosas hipertensas, idade acima de 60 anos, clinicamente estáveis. Na avaliação da amostra, foram mensuradas variáveis de pressão arterial (PA), frequência cardíaca (FC), VO2 máximo. A amostra foi divida em GC (n=15) e GE (n=15), sendo o GE submeti-do ao protocolo de exercício supervisionado durante 12 semanas. Resultados:Obtiveram-se resultados estatisticamente significativos (p<0,005), quando com-parados os valores de FC, PA e VO2 máximo antes e após o período de aplicação do protocolo de exercício físico no GE. Conclusão: Pode-se verificar redução dos valores de PA e FC analisados, mostrando-se como efeito hipotensor e bradicár-dico do exercício físico, sendo os resultados concordantes com dados previamen-te encontrados na literatura

Introduction: Hypertension (HBP) is a highly prevalent chronic disease and rep-resents an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Objectives: To as-sess the effects of a program of physical exercise on blood pressure and maximum oxygen consumption levels in a hypertensive population. Methods: A sample of 30 women with hypertension, age over 60 years, clinically stable was selected. In the evaluation of the sample, variables were measured blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), VO2 max. The sample was divided into two groups: CG (n=15) and EG (n=15). The EG was submitted to the protocol of supervised exercise for 12 weeks. Results: Best results were statistically significant (p <0.005) when comparing the values of HR, BP and VO2 max before and after the period of the exercise protocol in EG. Conclusion: It can be seen decreased levels of BP and HR analyzed, show-ing hypotension and bradycardia as effects of physical exercise, and these results are consistent with data previously reported in the literature.

Terapia com laser 670nm no tratamento da DPOC experimental em ratos / 670nm laser therapy in treatment of COPD in experimental rats

Introdução: DPOC é uma enfermidade respiratória com manifestações sistêmicas que se caracteriza pela presença de obstrução crônica do fluxo aéreo, associada a uma resposta inflamatória. Objetivo: Verificar o efeito da laserterapia de laser 670nm, no tratamento da inflamação pulmonar induzida em ratos. Metodologia: 30 ratos foram divididos em três grupos, dos quais dois foram expostos à fumaça de cigarro durante 45 dias e um deles tratados com laser 670nm. Para análise dos resultados foram realizados LBA e ELISA. Resultados: Os resultados foram submetidos à análise de variância (ANOVA), seguida do teste Newman- Keuls para amostras não pareadas. A análise do LBA demonstrou um aumento altamente significativo no número de neutrófilos no grupo DPOC. O grupo tratado, quando comparado ao grupo DPOC, evidenciou uma diminuição significativa no número de neutrófilos. Para o resultado do ELISA, houve queda altamente significativa de TNF-?, quando tratado com laser 670nm, e significativa de MIP-2 e IL-1?. Conclusão: Verifica-se que a ação do laser de 670nm pode atenuar o processo inflamatório induzido.

Introduction: COPD is a respiratory illness with systemic manifestations, characterized by the presence of chronic airflow obstruction associated with an inflammatory response. Objective: To investigate the effect of laser 670nm laser in the treatment of pulmonary inflammation induced in mice. Methods: 30 rats were divided into three groups, two of which were exposed to cigarette smoke for 45 days and one treated with 670 nm laser. For data analysis and ELISA were performed BAL. Results: Results were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Newman-Keuls test for unpaired samples. BAL analysis showed a highly significant increase in neutrophils in the COPD group. The treated group compared with the COPD group showed a significant decrease in neutrophils. For the result of the ELISA results were highly significant decrease of TNF-? when treated with 670 nm laser, and the significant MIP-2 and IL-1?. Conclusion: It appears that the action of the 670nm laser can attenuate the inflammatory process induced.

Efeito da laserterapia de baixa potência na inflamação pulmonar em rattus novergicus / Effect of low level laser therapy on lung inflammation in rattus norvegicus

Introdução. A doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica é uma enfermidade respiratória caracterizada pela presença de obstrução crônica do fluxo aéreo e manifestação inflamatória. Objetivo. Verificar o efeito da laserterapia de baixa potência no tratamento da inflamação pulmonar. Metodologia. Utilizou-se 30 ratos, divididos em três grupos de dez animais: grupo controle (recebeu apenas ar ambiente); grupo DPOC e grupo DPOC+laser (expostos à fumaça de cigarro durante 45 dias, sendo o grupo DPOC+laser tratado durante 12 dias com laser 904nm). Para análise dos resultados foi realizada histopatologia. Resultados. O grupo controle apresentou espaços aéreos normais com distorção arquitetural periférica do pulmão, o grupo DPOC demonstrou um enfisema acentuado, áreas de atelectasias e destruição das paredes alveolares. O grupo tratado houve uma regressão de enfisema acentuado para discreto. Conclusão. Na análise realizada, a inflamação pulmonar induzida pelo cigarro pode ser comprovada e a laserterapia de baixa potência mostrou-se eficaz na atenuação da inflamação.

Introduction. The chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a respiratory disease characterized by chronic airflow obstruction and inflammatory manifestation. Objective. To investigate the effect of low level laser therapy in the treatment of pulmonary inflammation. Methodology. We used 30 rats divided into three groups of ten animals: control group (received only room air), group COPD and COPD + laser (exposed to cigarette smoke for 45 days with group COPD + laser treated for 12 days with 904nm laser). For data analysis was performed histopathology. Results. The control group had normal air spaces with architectural distortion of the peripheral lung, COPD group showed a marked emphysema, areas of atelectasis and destruction of alveolar walls in the treated group there was a regression from mild to severe emphysema. Conclusion. Through the analysis performed pulmonary inflammation induced by cigarette can be proved, and the low level laser therapy was effective in reducing inflammation.

Estudo comparativo da ação do laser GaAlInP e do gerador de alta frequência no tratamento de feridas cutâneas em ratos: estudo experimental / Comparative study of laser action GaAlInP and high-frequency generator in the treatment of skin wounds in rats: an experimental study

Introdução: Na fisioterapia, utilizam-se vários tratamentos para acelerar o processo cicatricial, tais como a radiação com laser e o gerador de alta frequência. Objetivo: Avaliar a ação do laser GaAlInP e do gerador de alta frequência no tratamento de feridas cutâneas. Método: Realizou-se uma ferida cutânea em 24 ratos Wistar, utilizando um punch com 8 mm de diâmetro. Posteriormente, os animais foram divididos em quatro grupos: A, controle; B, laser GaAlInP; C, gerador de alta frequência, e D, laser GaAlInP + gerador de alta frequência, sendo o laser GaAlInP de 670nm, 6 J/cm² e 120 segundos e o gerador de alta frequência com intensidade de 80% e 120 segundos. Resultados: Observou-se relevância significativa (p<0,05) entre os grupos B e C em comparação com o A. Destacou-se o grupo D, em que se obteve p<0,01, pois ele se mostrou expressivamente significativo, quando comparado ao controle. Conclusão: Conclui-se que a terapêutica combinada (laser GaAlInP + gerador de alta frequência) foi eficaz para abreviação do processo cicatrical.

Introduction: Physiotherapy uses various treatments to accelerate the healing process, using laser radiation and high-frequency generator. Objective: To evaluate the action of laser GaAlInP and generator high frequency in the treatment of skin wounds. Methods: We performed a skin wound in 24 rats using a punch with 8 mm diameter. After, the animals were divided into four groups: Group A, control; B, Laser GaAlInP; C, high-frequency generator, and D, Laser GaAlInP + High-Frequency Generator being the GaAlInP laser (670 nm, 6 J/cm², 120/2) and the generator of high frequency (intensity of 80%, 120/2). Results: There was significance (P <0.05) between groups B and C compared with group A, giving emphasis to the group D, which revealed the P <0.01, showing a markedly significant when compared to this control. Conclusion: We conclude that the combination therapy (GaAlInP laser + high-frequency generator) was effective for short cicatrical process.